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HIV: TREATMENT
There have been many advances in treatment for HIV infection and in our understanding of how the virus works over the past fifteen years, but unfortunately no cure is anticipated in the near future. Since 1985, drugs have been available to prolong the interval that a person with HIV infection can live without developing AIDS and its related illnesses. These medications have also been shown to delay death from AIDS.
In the past two years, newer medications, called protease inhibitors, have offered additional hope for people infected with HIV to live longer and healthier lives. The protease inhibitors (in combination with the older medications) are being tested to see if treatment early in the course of the infection will prevent the virus from gaining a foothold in the body after exposure. In the future these medications may offer an opportunity to treat newly exposed persons and prevent them from becoming infected. This strategy has been employed in persons who were exposed to infection in a health care setting, and it may also be an option for people exposed in other ways.
All of these medications are very expensive and have side effects. Their cost poses a serious problem for many people, although several of the manufacturers in the United States have instituted programs to offer these medications at lower cost to those who need them and cannot afford them. Unfortunately, in developing areas of the world, where poverty is a way of life for many and the number of HIV-infected people is escalating rapidly, there is no hope that these medications will be available to the masses infected with HIV. Therefore the enthusiasm generated by the development of such new medications must be tempered by the realization that the majority of people in the world infected with HIV will not be able to use them because of their cost. In addition, studies are continuing to determine if resistance to these newer medications will diminish their effectiveness over time, as it has with some of the older medications.
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