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THE FALLOPIAN TUBES
These connect the uterus to the ovaries, so they form the tunnel in which the egg and sperm meet, and fertilization takes place. They are about 10 centimetres long, and the end near the ovary is wider, with finger-like projections (called fimbriae), which envelop the ovary at the time of ovulation, to receive the egg. The skinny end is attached to the uterus.
Damage to the fallopian tubes can prevent eggs and sperm meeting. Damage can result from kinking and scarring, from infection, or intentional obstruction, for example when a woman has her fallopian tubes cut and tied, or clipped.
If fertilisation does take place in the tube, and the resulting “conceptus” is obstructed from moving into the uterus, the conceptus may implant and continue to grow while in the fallopian tube (called an “ectopic pregnancy”. The tube is not the most appropriate place for a developing embryo to grow. The tube will stretch for a while, but usually after eight to ten weeks
it will rupture. This can cause bleeding into the pelvis, and is a potentially life-threatening event. Fortunately, these days most ectopic pregnancies are diagnosed and treated before they rupture.
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